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Stourbridge Extension Canal
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Stourbridge Extension Canal : ウィキペディア英語版
Stourbridge Extension Canal

The Stourbridge Extension Canal was a short canal built to serve a number of mines in the Kingswinford area of Staffordshire in England. Although connected to the Stourbridge Canal, it was independent from it. It opened in 1840, and was abandoned in 1935. A short section of it is still used as moorings for boats using the Stourbridge Canal.
==History==
In the 1820s, a number of coal mines opened up in the Kingswinford area, which was just to the north-west of the Fens branch of the Stourbridge Canal. Although a survey was carried out by Samuel Hodgekinson for a canal or a railway to service the mines, no definite proposals emerged. Gibbons and Co., owners of the first mine to open, built a tramway to Brockmoor in 1825, and a railway from the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal was constructed by Lord Dudley, which opened in 1829, but there were further plans for both canals and railways to the area of Shutt End. The Stourbridge Canal company then proposed an extension of their canal to Shutt End, but the scheme was opposed by Lord Dudley, and was not pursued. In 1836, the Stourbridge, Wolverhampton & Birmingham Junction Canal was proposed by a group of businessmen, including some of the Stourbridge Canal shareholders, who formed a separate company. This would have started near Fens Pool on the Stourbridge Canal and run via the mines at Shutt End to Straits Green and Cotwallend, before passing through a tunnel at Bloomfield to reach the Birmingham Canal Navigations main line near Factory Junction, where Thomas Telford's new main line left the old one. This did not meet with general approval, with opposition from Lord Dudley, the Dudley Canal company, the Staffordshire and Worcestershire Canal and the Birmingham Canal Navigation, and the company were unable to raise the £125,000 capital required for the project. Consequently, when they obtained an Act of Parliament in June 1837, to authorise the work, it was for a much smaller scheme, running from Brockmoor to Oak Farm, just beyond Shutt End. One concession made was that they promised to buy the tramway which ran from Corbyn Hall to Brockmoor once the canal was operational.
Construction of the canal began in June 1837 with William Fowler as the engineer, who was replaced by Benjamin Townshend in September 1838, who had himself been replaced by William Richardson by the time construction was completed. The main contractor was James Frost, who was from Wednesbury. The canal was all on one level, with a stop lock at its junction with the Stourbridge Canal, and the length of the main line was about . It was completed in 1840, opening on 27 June, and had cost £49,000, including £3,000 to purchase the tramway, which was paid for in 1841. The Sandhills Branch, which ran for from the main line to wharves and limekilns on the Kinswinford to Sandhills, was opened later in 1840. The Bromley Branch left the main line a little above the stop lock, and opened in 1841, although it was not authorised by the enabling Act. The canal was a success, with good amounts of iron ore and limestone being carried to blast furnaces, and finished iron and coal being exported to the wider region.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Canals: Dudley and Stourbridge )

抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)
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